Data Science Use Cases: 15 Real-World Applications Transforming Enterprise Operations

This article surveys enterprise data science applications and the architectural patterns enabling them at scale.

• •Manufacturing OEE uses Spark Structured Streaming with medallion architecture for continuous productivity monitoring across factories
• •Demand forecasting builds per-product-location models; random forest with weather features reduced MAPE from 0.73 to 0.39
• •Streaming QoS analytics uses Delta architecture to detect CDN latency and buffering anomalies in near real-time
• •Bias mitigation applies SHAP and Fairlearn's ThresholdOptimizer, reducing demographic TPR/FPR gaps from 26.5% to ~3-4%
• •Retail POS lakehouse unifies streaming inserts, batch snapshots, and CDC updates in a single pipeline

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